IS-IS short for Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System is a routing Protocol used to exchange information between level 1 routing devices. IS-IS was developed by Digital Equipment Corporation and uses the Dijkstra’s algorithm to select the best suitable route for packets with in the network. It is a link state routing protocols and perform many functions, for example fast convergence, scalable nature, classless behavior, work with multi-area routing and also support routing leaking.
Today tip will help you to configure IS-IS routing protocols between two different types of areas. In this case, we will try to configure three different routers with routing protocols IS-IS & set the router levels manually using is-type level-1 or is-type level-2 command.
Follow the network topology of three different class network in given figure:
IS-IS configuration on Router A
In global configuration mode
Router-A(config) # router isis (Here enable ISIS protocols on router A)
Router-A(config-Router) # net 49.0001.00b0.6484.4f10.00 (Here 00b0.6484.4f10 indicate the system ID and 1 is area number)
Router-A(config-Router) # is-type level-1 (set the level for router A)
Router-A(config-Router) #exit
Router-A(config)# interface serial 0
Router-A(config-if)# ip router isis
Router-A(config-if) #exit
Router-A(config)# interface ethernet 0
Router-A(config-if)# ip router isis
Router-A(config-if) #exit
IS-IS configuration on Router B
In global configuration mode
Router-B(config) # router isis (Here enable ISIS protocols on router B)
Router-B(config-Router) # net 49.0001.00b0.3233.4f10.00 (Here 00b0.3233.4f10 indicate the system ID and 1 is area number)
Router-B(config-Router) #exit
Router-B(config)# interface serial 0
Router-B(config-if)# ip router isis
Router-B(config-if) #exit
Router-B(config)# interface serial 1
Router-B(config-if)# ip router isis
Router-B(config-if) #exit
Router-B(config)# interface ethernet 0
Router-B(config-if)# ip router isis
Router-B(config-if) #exit
IS-IS configuration on Router C
In global configuration mode
Router-C(config) # router isis (Here enable ISIS protocols on router C)
Router-C(config-Router) # net 49.0002.00c0.0050.4f10.00 (Here 00c0.0050.4f10 indicate the system ID and 2 is area number)
Router-C(config-Router) # is-type level-2 (set the level for router C)
Router-C(config-Router) #exit
Router-C(config)# interface serial 1
Router-C(config-if)# ip router isis
Router-C(config-if) #exit
Router-C(config)# interface ethernet 0
Router-C(config-if)# ip router isis
Router-C(config-if) #exit
Now verify the routes in router A routing table, run the command:
Router-A# show ip route
Friday, August 15, 2008
Speed up your Broadband internet connection
You can increase the speed of your broadband internet connection, if you are using windows XP on your computer. This is built-in feature of windows XP to reserve the 20 percent of bandwidth of your internet connection, but you can override of this default setting. By enabling these setting, you can use this reserve bandwidth and enjoy your speedy broadband internet connection. You can set reserve able limit from 0 to 100 percent, but if you want to enjoy 100 percent bandwidth of internet connection, you should configure bandwidth limit 0 percent.
Follow the given steps to configure bandwidth limit:
*
First click on Start button then type "GPedit.msc" in Run option and press Enter.
*
Under "Local Computer Policy" expand the "administrative templates".
*
Here in right side window expand the "Network" then highlight the "QoS Packet Scheduler"
*
Now again in right side window, double click on "limit reservable bandwidth".
*
Under the "Limit reservable bandwidth properties" dialog box check "enabled"™ then change the "Bandwidth limit %" to zero.
*
Now close the Group Policy editor and restart your compute, after any changes to go into effect.
Follow the given steps to configure bandwidth limit:
*
First click on Start button then type "GPedit.msc" in Run option and press Enter.
*
Under "Local Computer Policy" expand the "administrative templates".
*
Here in right side window expand the "Network" then highlight the "QoS Packet Scheduler"
*
Now again in right side window, double click on "limit reservable bandwidth".
*
Under the "Limit reservable bandwidth properties" dialog box check "enabled"™ then change the "Bandwidth limit %" to zero.
*
Now close the Group Policy editor and restart your compute, after any changes to go into effect.
How to restore the windows default icons?
You can restore the all windows default desktop icons, if you accidentally deleted them from your computer desktop.
List of windows default icons.
*
My Computer
*
Internet Explorer
*
My Documents
*
My Network Places
*
Recycle Bin
Here we are discussing the recovering process of four windows default icons “My Computer, Internet Explorer, My Documents and My Network Places’ and we will cover recovery process of the Recycle Bin icon in next tip.
Fellow the given steps to restore the windows default icons:
*
Go to Start Button and open Run then type the given command to open windows Desktop items dialog box.
*
Control desk.cpl,,@Web
*
Simple copy the above command and paste it in Run box and press Ok,
*
Now “Desktop Items” dialog box will appear with different options.
*
Under the “General” tab, select the all check box in “Desktop icons” area or click on “Restore default” button to restore the all default icons on your computer desktop.
*
Press Ok to close the entire dialog box.
List of windows default icons.
*
My Computer
*
Internet Explorer
*
My Documents
*
My Network Places
*
Recycle Bin
Here we are discussing the recovering process of four windows default icons “My Computer, Internet Explorer, My Documents and My Network Places’ and we will cover recovery process of the Recycle Bin icon in next tip.
Fellow the given steps to restore the windows default icons:
*
Go to Start Button and open Run then type the given command to open windows Desktop items dialog box.
*
Control desk.cpl,,@Web
*
Simple copy the above command and paste it in Run box and press Ok,
*
Now “Desktop Items” dialog box will appear with different options.
*
Under the “General” tab, select the all check box in “Desktop icons” area or click on “Restore default” button to restore the all default icons on your computer desktop.
*
Press Ok to close the entire dialog box.
Hard Drive
Your hard drive, or also called hard disk, is a gigantic diskette in your computer. It is one disk big enough to store you Operating System, games and programs. Without it, your PC is just an empty shell.
Check Your BIOS
Better beware of older systems with large hard drives. If you have an older motherboard, your BIOS might not recognize hard drives larger than 2.1 GB. Hopefully, your BIOS is EPROM which means although read only (noticed the ROM?) it can be edited by authorized editors. Nearly all newer motherboards support that. All you need to do is to go online, go to your motherboard manufacturer's website and try to download a flash BIOS update. Install it and it should be done.
Are You FAT Enough?
If you have a large capacity hard drive with more than 2.1 GB, you might have a problem. Windows 95 itself will only recognize a partition with not more than 2.1 GB. You need FAT32. With FAT32, you can have one large capacity hard drive without partitioning. You will also save some space with FAT32. In short, larger hard drives require FAT32.
Consider Partitioning
Although you can have one big fat hard drive as one partition, you should consider partitioning as well, if you have a big hare drive. Partitioning is the method of dividing an area on a disk into smaller portions of lesser capacities that can be recognized by the operating system. Picture this: your hard drive is a cake. It is easier to eat a cake divided into pieces than to eat it whole.
Partitioning enables you to achieve greater efficiency and functionality from high-capacity disks (2.1GB or greater). You can create partitions by using FDISK on a system running in MS-DOS mode or by using a third-party disk utility. Remember that after partitioning, all data will be loss so be careful.
You can set aside a small partition for backup purposes. In case you should decided to format, just format the partition you use to store Windows. Your data in the backup partition is still there. But be careful! If you format a FAT32 partition with a FAT16 formatting utility, your partitions with data in it will all be loss! So never install DOS after formatting Windows. Because DOS utilizes FAT16, your FAT32 partition will all be gone.
Access Time or Seek Time?
If you want to buy a hard drive but are confused with the specifications of access time and seek time, remember that the key to the speed of a hard drive is the average access time. This is the time taken to access a single sector to the time when the drive's head reaches the sector. But beware, some ads quote seek time that is not the appropriate measurement. Access time is seek time plus latency (the time it takes for the chosen sector to come around to be positioned under the read/write head)
Speed, Not Space
A lot of people are confused between speed and space. If you have a Quantum Fireball with 1.2 GB and a Quantum Bigfoot with 3.5 GB surely you should put the Bigfoot as the master and Fireball as the slave right? Wrong! You should always consider speed as well as space. The Quantum Fireball has a faster access time. A faster hard drive means better performance. Make sure your operating system is store in the faster hard drive. You can use the Bigfoot to store your programs or games which makes not much difference to the speed. With speed hungry programs or games, store them in the faster drive too. You must know what to put where.
The status of the drives is determined by setting small jumpers that are usually located next to the IDE connector on the drive itself.
Check Your BIOS
Better beware of older systems with large hard drives. If you have an older motherboard, your BIOS might not recognize hard drives larger than 2.1 GB. Hopefully, your BIOS is EPROM which means although read only (noticed the ROM?) it can be edited by authorized editors. Nearly all newer motherboards support that. All you need to do is to go online, go to your motherboard manufacturer's website and try to download a flash BIOS update. Install it and it should be done.
Are You FAT Enough?
If you have a large capacity hard drive with more than 2.1 GB, you might have a problem. Windows 95 itself will only recognize a partition with not more than 2.1 GB. You need FAT32. With FAT32, you can have one large capacity hard drive without partitioning. You will also save some space with FAT32. In short, larger hard drives require FAT32.
Consider Partitioning
Although you can have one big fat hard drive as one partition, you should consider partitioning as well, if you have a big hare drive. Partitioning is the method of dividing an area on a disk into smaller portions of lesser capacities that can be recognized by the operating system. Picture this: your hard drive is a cake. It is easier to eat a cake divided into pieces than to eat it whole.
Partitioning enables you to achieve greater efficiency and functionality from high-capacity disks (2.1GB or greater). You can create partitions by using FDISK on a system running in MS-DOS mode or by using a third-party disk utility. Remember that after partitioning, all data will be loss so be careful.
You can set aside a small partition for backup purposes. In case you should decided to format, just format the partition you use to store Windows. Your data in the backup partition is still there. But be careful! If you format a FAT32 partition with a FAT16 formatting utility, your partitions with data in it will all be loss! So never install DOS after formatting Windows. Because DOS utilizes FAT16, your FAT32 partition will all be gone.
Access Time or Seek Time?
If you want to buy a hard drive but are confused with the specifications of access time and seek time, remember that the key to the speed of a hard drive is the average access time. This is the time taken to access a single sector to the time when the drive's head reaches the sector. But beware, some ads quote seek time that is not the appropriate measurement. Access time is seek time plus latency (the time it takes for the chosen sector to come around to be positioned under the read/write head)
Speed, Not Space
A lot of people are confused between speed and space. If you have a Quantum Fireball with 1.2 GB and a Quantum Bigfoot with 3.5 GB surely you should put the Bigfoot as the master and Fireball as the slave right? Wrong! You should always consider speed as well as space. The Quantum Fireball has a faster access time. A faster hard drive means better performance. Make sure your operating system is store in the faster hard drive. You can use the Bigfoot to store your programs or games which makes not much difference to the speed. With speed hungry programs or games, store them in the faster drive too. You must know what to put where.
The status of the drives is determined by setting small jumpers that are usually located next to the IDE connector on the drive itself.
Detect viruses in a computer using multiple antivirus engines
Virus detection and its removal are made through an antivirus program which finds out viruses in a computer and then possibly removes or repairs the virus problem. But today an interesting tip, how to scan your system without any installed antivirus program. You can scan any specific file for viruses, malware, worms and trojans on your system without any preloaded antivirus protection.
VirusTotal is a free service that facilitates you for quick scan to detect viruses, malware, worms and trojans. VirusTotal will analyze your system files using multiple antivirus engines. VirusTotal is not a proper substitute of installed antivirus program, because this service works only when you will be connected to internet.
Now open the VirusTotal site to start scan process.
Now under the "Upload the file" section, click on browse button to select the virus affected file and press "Send File" button.
Here VirusTotal will takes some time to upload file (depends upon the file size and internet speed).
Now scanning process will be started to scan affected file.
It will again takes some time to scan affected file using latest antivirus version and gives you detailed results from each antivirus engine with statistics.
VirusTotal is a free service that facilitates you for quick scan to detect viruses, malware, worms and trojans. VirusTotal will analyze your system files using multiple antivirus engines. VirusTotal is not a proper substitute of installed antivirus program, because this service works only when you will be connected to internet.
Now open the VirusTotal site to start scan process.
Now under the "Upload the file" section, click on browse button to select the virus affected file and press "Send File" button.
Here VirusTotal will takes some time to upload file (depends upon the file size and internet speed).
Now scanning process will be started to scan affected file.
It will again takes some time to scan affected file using latest antivirus version and gives you detailed results from each antivirus engine with statistics.
How to change the default location of program installation?
You might want to change the location of your system default folder (C:\Program Files) from C drive to another system drives (D or E drive). By default software setup will attempt to install program in C:\Program Files directory. It is good practice to make the backup of the installed programs, if you installed all your programs in other than C drive. If you have little knowledge about editing windows registry then you can configure your computer for this purpose.
Follow the given steps to configure windows registry:
First click on Start button then type Regedit in Run option.
Here locate the location to:
Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
Here in right side panel, double click on ProgramFileDir and here its default value is
C:\Program Files.
Now modify the value to any other drive (for example D:\Program Files).
Now close the registry editor and restart your computer after any changes to go into effect.
Follow the given steps to configure windows registry:
First click on Start button then type Regedit in Run option.
Here locate the location to:
Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
Here in right side panel, double click on ProgramFileDir and here its default value is
C:\Program Files.
Now modify the value to any other drive (for example D:\Program Files).
Now close the registry editor and restart your computer after any changes to go into effect.
How to Enable Logging to solve windows startup issue?
You can troubleshoot many of computer startup problems using windows boot logging. When you start you computer with enable boot logging feature, a log file will be created to identify the drivers and services that is creating the problem during startup. The name of this file is ntbootlog.txt and located in root directory (%SYSTEMROOT%, normally in C drive). You can search this file with the name "ntbootlog.txt" in C drive. Follow the example of ntbootlog.txt in windows XP.
Service Pack 2 8 7 2007 22:02:09.500
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\ntoskrnl.exe
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\hal.dll
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\KDCOM.DLL
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\BOOTVID.dll
Loaded driver ACPI.sys
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\DRIVERS\WMILIB.SYS
Loaded driver pci.sys
Loaded driver isapnp.sys
Loaded driver intelide.sys
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\DRIVERS\PCIIDEX.SYS
Loaded driver MountMgr.sys
Loaded driver ftdisk.sys
Loaded driver dmload.sys
Loaded driver dmio.sys
Loaded driver PartMgr.sys
Loaded driver VolSnap.sys
Loaded driver atapi.sys
Loaded driver disk.sys
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\DRIVERS\CLASSPNP.SYS
Loaded driver fltMgr.sys
Loaded driver sr.sys
Loaded driver Fastfat.sys
Loaded driver KSecDD.sys
Loaded driver NDIS.sys
Loaded driver Mup.sys
Loaded driver agp440.sys
Did not load driver ACPI Uniprocessor PC
Did not load driver Audio Codecs
Did not load driver Legacy Audio Drivers
Did not load driver Media Control Devices
Did not load driver Legacy Video Capture Devices
Did not load driver Video Codecs
To enable boot logging, boot your computer and press F8 keys. An advance menu screen will appear with different options.
*
Safe Mode
*
Safe Mode with Networking
*
Safe Mode with Command Prompt
*
Enable Boot Logging
*
Enable VGA Mode.
*
Last known Good Configuration
*
Start Windows Normally
*
Reboot
Here select the option Enable Boot Logging, and press Enter button, your system will be returned to main menu screen and again press Enter button to start logging.
f there is no problem in windows startup, then your system will boot successfully in normal mode, and you can review the log file. In case any problems in log file regarding loading services and drivers then you can troubleshoot that services (stop and restart) and drivers (reinstall).
If your problem does cause Windows to crash then restart your system and again Press F8 button to boot your system in safe mode. In safe mode again reviewing the ntbootlog.txt file and identifies the problems either disable any device or uninstall any third party application. If your problem is still there then visit your hardware vendor website for help.
Service Pack 2 8 7 2007 22:02:09.500
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\ntoskrnl.exe
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\hal.dll
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\KDCOM.DLL
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\BOOTVID.dll
Loaded driver ACPI.sys
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\DRIVERS\WMILIB.SYS
Loaded driver pci.sys
Loaded driver isapnp.sys
Loaded driver intelide.sys
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\DRIVERS\PCIIDEX.SYS
Loaded driver MountMgr.sys
Loaded driver ftdisk.sys
Loaded driver dmload.sys
Loaded driver dmio.sys
Loaded driver PartMgr.sys
Loaded driver VolSnap.sys
Loaded driver atapi.sys
Loaded driver disk.sys
Loaded driver \WINDOWS\system32\DRIVERS\CLASSPNP.SYS
Loaded driver fltMgr.sys
Loaded driver sr.sys
Loaded driver Fastfat.sys
Loaded driver KSecDD.sys
Loaded driver NDIS.sys
Loaded driver Mup.sys
Loaded driver agp440.sys
Did not load driver ACPI Uniprocessor PC
Did not load driver Audio Codecs
Did not load driver Legacy Audio Drivers
Did not load driver Media Control Devices
Did not load driver Legacy Video Capture Devices
Did not load driver Video Codecs
To enable boot logging, boot your computer and press F8 keys. An advance menu screen will appear with different options.
*
Safe Mode
*
Safe Mode with Networking
*
Safe Mode with Command Prompt
*
Enable Boot Logging
*
Enable VGA Mode.
*
Last known Good Configuration
*
Start Windows Normally
*
Reboot
Here select the option Enable Boot Logging, and press Enter button, your system will be returned to main menu screen and again press Enter button to start logging.
f there is no problem in windows startup, then your system will boot successfully in normal mode, and you can review the log file. In case any problems in log file regarding loading services and drivers then you can troubleshoot that services (stop and restart) and drivers (reinstall).
If your problem does cause Windows to crash then restart your system and again Press F8 button to boot your system in safe mode. In safe mode again reviewing the ntbootlog.txt file and identifies the problems either disable any device or uninstall any third party application. If your problem is still there then visit your hardware vendor website for help.
How to solve low memory problems?
Normally this warning message shows when you run many programs same time than the RAM installed on your computer is designed to support. Your can solve this problem by increasing the system paging file size also called as virtual memory. Using this virtual memory windows moving information to and from the paging file for fast processing. This will free up enough RAM for other programs to run properly.
To increase the system page file follow the give path:
Control Panel > System > Advanced > Click on Settings (Under Performance) > Advanced > Change
Here under Drive (Volume label), you have option to select any of your hard disk drive, but the best choice is, select any drive other than C drive for virtual memory.
Set the double Initial & Maximum Size of your Virtual Memory. Here set initial size 700 MB and maximum size up to 1000MB; you can change this size according to the free space available on your hard drive.
To increase the system page file follow the give path:
Control Panel > System > Advanced > Click on Settings (Under Performance) > Advanced > Change
Here under Drive (Volume label), you have option to select any of your hard disk drive, but the best choice is, select any drive other than C drive for virtual memory.
Set the double Initial & Maximum Size of your Virtual Memory. Here set initial size 700 MB and maximum size up to 1000MB; you can change this size according to the free space available on your hard drive.
How to uninstall hidden devices, drivers using device manager?
Today tip will help you to display the hidden devices in system Device Manger. Normally windows device manager displays the information about the hardware that ever been recognized by windows, whether it is currently present in the computer or not connected to the computer (for example USB or any other removable devices). The "Show hidden devices" option on View menu would not display the all hidden information, so you can force your system to display the detail of all hidden drives.
Follow the given steps to display the all hidden information in device manager:
To edit the computer registry, first you should log onto your computer with administrative rights.
Click Start button and type CMD in Run option then press Enter for next.
At the command prompt, type the following command and press Enter button.
set devmgr_show_nonpresent_devices=1 Here again type the following command at command prompt and then press Enter button.
start devmgmt.msc
Now in the Device Manager Console go to View menu and select the "Show hidden devices" option.
Now expand the different devices and drivers option in devices manger and you will find the devices which have been loaded in the past.
When you finish troubleshooting, close Device Manager and also exit from command prompt to clear the opened sessions.
Follow the given steps to display the all hidden information in device manager:
To edit the computer registry, first you should log onto your computer with administrative rights.
Click Start button and type CMD in Run option then press Enter for next.
At the command prompt, type the following command and press Enter button.
set devmgr_show_nonpresent_devices=1 Here again type the following command at command prompt and then press Enter button.
start devmgmt.msc
Now in the Device Manager Console go to View menu and select the "Show hidden devices" option.
Now expand the different devices and drivers option in devices manger and you will find the devices which have been loaded in the past.
When you finish troubleshooting, close Device Manager and also exit from command prompt to clear the opened sessions.
How to log off, restart and shutdown, connected computer from one location?
Windows XP has a built-in feature (shutdown tools) that is used to shutdown any connected computers from any one computer. Using this feature, you can log off, restart and shutdown any computer in your network. This tip is very useful for you, if you are a Network Administrator at your company, because if you have experience to shutdown all connected computers daily in your local area network one by one, definitely that job is annoying responsibility for you.
Follow the given steps to configure shutdown tool on your computer:
To use this feature, you will need to be logged into your computer with administrative rights.
To perform this task, first make sure your both computers are directly connected or connected to network.
Click Start button then type shutdown -i in Run option then press Enter for next.
A small windows dialog box will appear with the title "Remote Shutdown Dialog".
Here first click on "Add" button to add computer, a small Add computers window will open, here type the name or IP address of the computer (you can add many computer for same action) that you want to turned off, then press OK for next.
Now select the action "What do you want these computers to do (log off, restart or shutdown)". If you want to warn your users about this action, select the check box "Warn users of the action" then set time, display warning for 30 seconds or more.
Now select the option that describes the reason to shutdown the computers and also type some comments for users.
Now when you press the OK button, the users will see a "System Shutdown Windows "with time and comments that you had been set.
Follow the given steps to configure shutdown tool on your computer:
To use this feature, you will need to be logged into your computer with administrative rights.
To perform this task, first make sure your both computers are directly connected or connected to network.
Click Start button then type shutdown -i in Run option then press Enter for next.
A small windows dialog box will appear with the title "Remote Shutdown Dialog".
Here first click on "Add" button to add computer, a small Add computers window will open, here type the name or IP address of the computer (you can add many computer for same action) that you want to turned off, then press OK for next.
Now select the action "What do you want these computers to do (log off, restart or shutdown)". If you want to warn your users about this action, select the check box "Warn users of the action" then set time, display warning for 30 seconds or more.
Now select the option that describes the reason to shutdown the computers and also type some comments for users.
Now when you press the OK button, the users will see a "System Shutdown Windows "with time and comments that you had been set.
How to backup of your computer installed drivers?
You can easily create the backup of your computer installed drivers (just the particular or all drivers) and use it to troubleshoot any driver problems. This backup will be very useful when you will format your computer window due to any reason. There is no need to search the drivers from internet or drivers CD, just import the driver backup and within five minute, you will complete the driver installation process. You can move this backup from one computer to other computer for installation.
To complete the all process, we will use a simple tool called DriverMax. Using this tool, we can easily export the backup of any specific or all drivers and then import it for reinstallation later or elsewhere. You can free download (with free registration code) this tool for windows XP and Vista also. Download it and run the easy setup.
After Installation launch DriverMax, the first screen you will get with title "DriverMax - Version" and options "Export drivers, Import drivers and Installed drivers report". Just click on "Export Driver" option to start backup process.
Now after welcome screen, system will take few seconds to create the list of all installed drivers and then show you all installed drivers list.
Here you can select any specific device driver or click on "Select all" button to create the backup of entire installed drivers.
Press the Next button and in next screen you can select the export type (simple backup or in zip format) and then choose the backup location (always choose drive other than C drive).
Again press the Next and system will take some time (depend upon the size of your drivers) to finish exporting the selected drivers.
Click the "Open extraction folder button" to view the backup files or press Close button to finish it.
Now you can use this backup files (using import option) to restore drivers backup or move to any other computer. Copy the Following link to download it.
To complete the all process, we will use a simple tool called DriverMax. Using this tool, we can easily export the backup of any specific or all drivers and then import it for reinstallation later or elsewhere. You can free download (with free registration code) this tool for windows XP and Vista also. Download it and run the easy setup.
After Installation launch DriverMax, the first screen you will get with title "DriverMax - Version" and options "Export drivers, Import drivers and Installed drivers report". Just click on "Export Driver" option to start backup process.
Now after welcome screen, system will take few seconds to create the list of all installed drivers and then show you all installed drivers list.
Here you can select any specific device driver or click on "Select all" button to create the backup of entire installed drivers.
Press the Next button and in next screen you can select the export type (simple backup or in zip format) and then choose the backup location (always choose drive other than C drive).
Again press the Next and system will take some time (depend upon the size of your drivers) to finish exporting the selected drivers.
Click the "Open extraction folder button" to view the backup files or press Close button to finish it.
Now you can use this backup files (using import option) to restore drivers backup or move to any other computer. Copy the Following link to download it.
How to send a voice mail to your friend using windows xp?
E-mail is a most popular and effective way to communicate with others through the internet. You can send documents, pictures and other types of files to any destination but the interesting thing is that you can send also your voice in a mail by attaching the file with e-mail. In windows XP, you can record your voice using Sound Recorder and a microphone options.
Follow the given steps to record your voice in windows XP:
To use this feature, you will need to be logged into your computer with administrative
rights.
To start recording process, first make sure you have attached a microphone
to your computer.
First click on Start button> All programs> Accessories> click Entertainment and then click on Sound Recorder option.
Now a small "Sound - Sound Recorder" will appear, go to File menu and click on New to start a new file for recording.
Click on Record button to start recording process and start talking then click on Stop button to stop the recording.
Now again click on File menu to save this file with .wav extension to a folder of your choice.
Now send this voice file as an attachment via e-mail message to your friends.
Follow the given steps to record your voice in windows XP:
To use this feature, you will need to be logged into your computer with administrative
rights.
To start recording process, first make sure you have attached a microphone
to your computer.
First click on Start button> All programs> Accessories> click Entertainment and then click on Sound Recorder option.
Now a small "Sound - Sound Recorder" will appear, go to File menu and click on New to start a new file for recording.
Click on Record button to start recording process and start talking then click on Stop button to stop the recording.
Now again click on File menu to save this file with .wav extension to a folder of your choice.
Now send this voice file as an attachment via e-mail message to your friends.
CD-ROM
The maximum a floppy disk can contain is 1.44 MB. To play a game with around 200 MB you are stuck with 100 over diskettes. The CD-ROM is a revolutionary invention that allows up to 625 MB at one time. However, it is read only, which means you can't store in anything.
Buttons Fun
Although most CD-ROMs comes with only 2 buttons, do you know you can also skip, play previous track and play the next track as well with a proper combination? Check properly on your instruction manual for additional functions. You just might be surprised what it can do.
Clean Thoroughly
It is important to clean the CR-ROM at least once every month. Get a CD lens cleaner. If possible, choose one with an alcohol solution drop. This should ensure that your CD-ROM will always be able to read properly.
Clean You CDsIt is just as important to clean your CDs often. Why? Because if you have a speck of dust on the surface of one of your CDs, once spinning at high-speed in the drive, the speck of dust is enough to produce scratches on your precious CD.
Running In DOS
One of the common problems with CD-ROMs is unable to access it under DOS. This might be because the protected-mode CD-ROM driver isn't available. You'll need to add the real-mode device driver, usually included with your CD-ROM drive, in CONFIG.SYS and load MSCDEX.EXE, which is available in the Windows\Command folder. You should also make sure both files are on your startup disk.
Run List
Like those cool expensive hi-fi systems, you can customize the run list of your Audio CD, only not with the CD-ROM itself. Use Windows' CD player to customize the run list and you can have your CD running in any track order you like.
Read Ahead
The read ahead buffer is useful to speed up things. Go to Control Panel, System. Click on the Performance tab. Click on the File System... button. On the File System Properties, click on CD-ROM. Make sure you have the fullest cache. Even if you have a CD-ROM with less than Quad speed, just move ahead. You'll be surprised to find your CD-ROM running faster.
Buttons Fun
Although most CD-ROMs comes with only 2 buttons, do you know you can also skip, play previous track and play the next track as well with a proper combination? Check properly on your instruction manual for additional functions. You just might be surprised what it can do.
Clean Thoroughly
It is important to clean the CR-ROM at least once every month. Get a CD lens cleaner. If possible, choose one with an alcohol solution drop. This should ensure that your CD-ROM will always be able to read properly.
Clean You CDsIt is just as important to clean your CDs often. Why? Because if you have a speck of dust on the surface of one of your CDs, once spinning at high-speed in the drive, the speck of dust is enough to produce scratches on your precious CD.
Running In DOS
One of the common problems with CD-ROMs is unable to access it under DOS. This might be because the protected-mode CD-ROM driver isn't available. You'll need to add the real-mode device driver, usually included with your CD-ROM drive, in CONFIG.SYS and load MSCDEX.EXE, which is available in the Windows\Command folder. You should also make sure both files are on your startup disk.
Run List
Like those cool expensive hi-fi systems, you can customize the run list of your Audio CD, only not with the CD-ROM itself. Use Windows' CD player to customize the run list and you can have your CD running in any track order you like.
Read Ahead
The read ahead buffer is useful to speed up things. Go to Control Panel, System. Click on the Performance tab. Click on the File System... button. On the File System Properties, click on CD-ROM. Make sure you have the fullest cache. Even if you have a CD-ROM with less than Quad speed, just move ahead. You'll be surprised to find your CD-ROM running faster.
How to change the windows default identity?
In windows XP, you can change the windows default identity (Computer Manufacturer Logo and other information's) and share your own private identity there. First you right click on My Computer then click on Properties, here may be you will see computer manufacture logo or empty area. So add your own logo there to make your computer more private.
Follow the given steps to change the system default Properties identity:
First click on Start button and type notepad in Run option then press Enter.
Now type the following text in notepad.
[General]
Manufacturer="www.ComputerFreeTips.com"
Model=" Computer Free Tips and Tricks!"
[Support Information]
Line1="We offer various help topics including A to Z Computer Free Tips and Help."
Line2="Visit daily for new tips www.google.com"
There are some standard keywords, for example Manufacturer, Model, Line 1, Line 2; you can not change these keywords. Now save this notepad file in c:/windows/system32 folder with file name, OEMINFO.INI.
Now choose your favorite picture to set as logo, using any picture editor resize the picture size approx. 150X150 pixels then save it in c:/windows/system32 folder with file name OEMLOGO.BMP.
Now close the all files and restart your computer after any changes to go into effect. To verify these changes, right click on My Computer and open Properties.
Under General tab, verify the system properties with new settings.
Now click on Support Information for more detail.
Follow the given steps to change the system default Properties identity:
First click on Start button and type notepad in Run option then press Enter.
Now type the following text in notepad.
[General]
Manufacturer="www.ComputerFreeTips.com"
Model=" Computer Free Tips and Tricks!"
[Support Information]
Line1="We offer various help topics including A to Z Computer Free Tips and Help."
Line2="Visit daily for new tips www.google.com"
There are some standard keywords, for example Manufacturer, Model, Line 1, Line 2; you can not change these keywords. Now save this notepad file in c:/windows/system32 folder with file name, OEMINFO.INI.
Now choose your favorite picture to set as logo, using any picture editor resize the picture size approx. 150X150 pixels then save it in c:/windows/system32 folder with file name OEMLOGO.BMP.
Now close the all files and restart your computer after any changes to go into effect. To verify these changes, right click on My Computer and open Properties.
Under General tab, verify the system properties with new settings.
Now click on Support Information for more detail.
Graphic Card
The graphic card is one of the most important pieces of hardware in your PC. Without it, your super monitor with all the bells and whistles is just a junk box.
Make Directional Input
Most video cards come with simple frame capture programs, but you'll have to do some programming if you plan to integrate video capture with other operations on your computer, such as adding text data as an overlay or changing video-in channels on the fly. In this case you'll need good programming libraries in a language with which you are familiar for the video card. Some companies include libraries with their cards, but most charge extra. Most often libraries, when available, are for C or BASIC, and sometimes Pascal.
Choose Between 24 bit and 32 bit
For True Color mode, some graphic cards offer 24 bit while some offer 32 bit. Which is the best? When True Colour mode was first suggested, it utilizes 32 bit which was very pleasing to the eye, they realize that 24 (with less coolers) won't look much different since the human eye can only take about a certain amount of colors. On the other hand, 24 bit will run faster compared to 32 bit because it uses less colors. So if your card utilizes 24 bit, don't worry, it isn't bad.
Always Use The Latest Drivers
Yes, it is important to make sure you always have the latest drivers. The latest drivers will offer you better performance, more utilities and more compatibility (usually for DirectX or Direct3D). Take the effort to check you card manufacturer's site to look for the latest driver updates.
Make Directional Input
Most video cards come with simple frame capture programs, but you'll have to do some programming if you plan to integrate video capture with other operations on your computer, such as adding text data as an overlay or changing video-in channels on the fly. In this case you'll need good programming libraries in a language with which you are familiar for the video card. Some companies include libraries with their cards, but most charge extra. Most often libraries, when available, are for C or BASIC, and sometimes Pascal.
Choose Between 24 bit and 32 bit
For True Color mode, some graphic cards offer 24 bit while some offer 32 bit. Which is the best? When True Colour mode was first suggested, it utilizes 32 bit which was very pleasing to the eye, they realize that 24 (with less coolers) won't look much different since the human eye can only take about a certain amount of colors. On the other hand, 24 bit will run faster compared to 32 bit because it uses less colors. So if your card utilizes 24 bit, don't worry, it isn't bad.
Always Use The Latest Drivers
Yes, it is important to make sure you always have the latest drivers. The latest drivers will offer you better performance, more utilities and more compatibility (usually for DirectX or Direct3D). Take the effort to check you card manufacturer's site to look for the latest driver updates.
How to connect your home computer from Remote location?
Using the Remote Desktop feature, you can connect your home computer (host) from any other remote computer (client) and can access all computer resources (installed programs, data and any network resources). You can run any computer application on the remote computer as you were running actually sitting in front of home computer.
Follow the given steps to configure your computer to connect remote computer:
To use this feature, you will need to be logged into your computer with administrative rights.
To perform this task, first make sure your both computers are connected to the internet.
First you have to configure the host computer that allows the users to connect it remotely. On the host computer, right click on "My computer" and click on Properties option.
Under the Remote tab, select the option "Allow users to connect remotely to this computer" and click Ok button.
Now get the IP address of host computer (type the "ipconfig /all" on the command prompt of host computer to find IP address).
Now make a connection on remote or client computer, click on Start button, go to All Programs> Accessories, and Communications, then click on Remote Desktop Connection, option. A Remote Desktop Connection, dialog box will appear.
Click on Options button for detail configuration, under the General tab, type the IP address of host computer in the Computer box and also type username and password of host computer then click on Connect button to make a connection to remote computer.
If your username and password is correct then a remote desktop windows will appear.
Follow the given steps to configure your computer to connect remote computer:
To use this feature, you will need to be logged into your computer with administrative rights.
To perform this task, first make sure your both computers are connected to the internet.
First you have to configure the host computer that allows the users to connect it remotely. On the host computer, right click on "My computer" and click on Properties option.
Under the Remote tab, select the option "Allow users to connect remotely to this computer" and click Ok button.
Now get the IP address of host computer (type the "ipconfig /all" on the command prompt of host computer to find IP address).
Now make a connection on remote or client computer, click on Start button, go to All Programs> Accessories, and Communications, then click on Remote Desktop Connection, option. A Remote Desktop Connection, dialog box will appear.
Click on Options button for detail configuration, under the General tab, type the IP address of host computer in the Computer box and also type username and password of host computer then click on Connect button to make a connection to remote computer.
If your username and password is correct then a remote desktop windows will appear.
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